Ipulasitiki ngokungangabazeki ingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu ekuphileni kwanamuhla, ngenxa yezimo zayo ezinzile ngokomzimba namakhemikhali. Ithola ukusetshenziswa okwandile emaphaketheni, ekuphekeni, ezintweni zikagesi zasendlini, ezolimo, nakwezinye izimboni ezahlukahlukene.
Lapho ulandela umlando wokuvela kwepulasitiki, izikhwama zepulasitiki zidlala indima ebalulekile. Ngo-1965, inkampani yaseSweden i-Celloplast yagunyaza futhi yethula izikhwama zepulasitiki ze-polyethylene emakethe, yathola ukuduma ngokushesha eYurophu futhi yashintsha izikhwama zephepha nendwangu.
Ngokwemininingwane yoHlelo Lwezemvelo Lwezizwe Ezihlangene, esikhathini esingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-15, ngo-1979, izikhwama zepulasitiki zase zibambe u-80% wesabelo semakethe saseYurophu esihlaba umxhwele. Kamuva, baqinisekisa ngokushesha ukubusa phezu kwemakethe yezikhwama zomhlaba. Ekupheleni kuka-2020, inani lemakethe yomhlaba wonke lezikhwama zepulasitiki ladlula amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-300, njengoba kukhonjiswe yidatha yeGrand View Research.
Nokho, kanye nokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwezikhwama zepulasitiki, ukukhathazeka kwemvelo kwaqala ukuvela ngezinga elikhulu. Ngo-1997, kwatholakala i-Pacific Garbage Patch, ngokuyinhloko eyayihlanganisa imfucumfucu yepulasitiki elahlwa olwandle, kuhlanganise namabhodlela epulasitiki nezikhwama.
Ngokuhambisana nenani lemakethe lamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-300, inqwaba yemfucuza yepulasitiki olwandle imile emathani amangalisayo ayizigidi eziyi-150 ngasekupheleni kuka-2020, futhi izokwenyuka ngamathani ayizigidi eziyi-11 ngonyaka ngemuva kwalokho.
Noma kunjalo, amapulasitiki endabuko, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwawo okubanzi kanye nezakhiwo ezinhle zomzimba namakhemikhali ezinhlelweni eziningi, kuhlanganiswe namandla okukhiqiza kanye nezinzuzo zezindleko, afakazela inselele ukushintshwa kalula.
Ngakho-ke, izikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolayo zinezinto ezibalulekile ezibonakalayo namakhemikhali ezifana namapulasitiki endabuko, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwazo ezimweni eziningi ezikhona zokusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziwohloka ngokushesha ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, zinciphisa ukungcola. Ngakho-ke, izikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolayo zingabhekwa njengesixazululo esifanelekile njengamanje.
Kodwa-ke, ukuguquka ukusuka komdala kuye kwentsha kuvame ukuba yinqubo emangalisayo, ikakhulukazi uma kuhilela ukubuyisela amapulasitiki endabuko agxilile, abusa izimboni eziningi. Abatshalizimali abangayijwayele le makethe bangase babe nokungabaza mayelana nokuba nokwenzeka kwamapulasitiki abolayo.
Ukuvela nokuthuthukiswa komqondo wokuvikelwa kwemvelo kuvela esidingweni sokubhekana nokunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo. Izimboni ezinkulu seziqalile ukwamukela umqondo wokusimama kwemvelo, futhi imboni yezikhwama zepulasitiki iyafana.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-28-2023
