Eminyakeni yamuva, indaba yokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki idonse ukunaka okusabalele emhlabeni jikelele. Ukubhekana nalolu daba, izikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolayo zithathwa njengenye indlela esebenzayo njengoba zinciphisa izingozi zemvelo ngesikhathi sokubola. Kodwa-ke, ukusimama kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolayo kuphinde kwaphakamisa ukukhathazeka nezingxabano.
Okokuqala, sidinga ukuqonda ukuthi yini aisikhwama sepulasitiki esiwohlokayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhwama zepulasitiki zendabuko, inesici esiphawulekayo, okungukuthi, singachithwa sibe ama-molecule amancane ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile (njengokushisa okuphezulu, umswakama, njll.), ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe umthelela emvelweni. Lawa ma-molecule angaphinde ahlukaniswe abe amanzi kanye ne-carbon dioxide endaweni yemvelo.
Izikhwama zepulasitiki eziwohlokayo ziyayinciphisa inkinga yokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki phakathi nenqubo yokubola, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, kusenezinkinga ezithile ngomjikelezo wabo wokuphila. Kusukela ekukhiqizeni kuye ekugayweni kabusha nokulahlwa, kusenochungechunge lwezinselelo.
Okokuqala, ukukhiqiza izikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolayo kudinga amandla amaningi kanye nezinsiza. Nakuba ezinye izinsiza ezisekelwe ku-bio zisetshenziswa ohlelweni lokukhiqiza, kusadingeka kudle amanzi amaningi, umhlaba kanye namakhemikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza nakho kuyakhathaza.
Okwesibili, ukugaywa kabusha nokulahlwa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolayo nakho kubhekene nobunzima obuthile. Njengoba amapulasitiki awonakaliswayo adinga izimo ezithile zemvelo phakathi nenqubo yokubola, izinhlobo ezahlukene zezikhwama zepulasitiki eziwohlokayo zingase zidinge izindlela ezihlukene zokulahla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma lezi zikhwama zepulasitiki zibekwe ngephutha kudoti ojwayelekile noma zixutshwe nemfucuza ekwazi ukugaywa kabusha, kuzoba nomthelela omubi kulo lonke uhlelo lokugaywa kabusha nokucubungula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isivinini sokubola kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolayo nakho kubangele impikiswano. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ezinye izikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolayo zithatha isikhathi eside ukubola ngokuphelele, futhi kungase kuthathe iminyaka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi phakathi nalesi sikhathi, zingase zidale ukulimala okuthile nokungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Ukuphendula lezi zinkinga ezingenhla, ezinye izinkampani nezikhungo zocwaningo lwesayensi seziqalile ukwenza ezinye izindlela ezingayingcolisi imvelo. Isibonelo, ezinye izinto ezisekelwe ku-bio, amapulasitiki avuselelekayo, kanye ne-bioplastics eyonakalisayo kuye kwafundwa kabanzi futhi kwasetshenziswa. Lezi zinto ezintsha zinganciphisa ukulimala kwemvelo ngesikhathi senqubo yokubola, futhi ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ohlelweni lokukhiqiza kuphansi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni kanye nezinkampani zezenhlalakahle nazo zithatha uchungechunge lwezinyathelo zokukhuthaza ukusimama kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezigugulekayo. Amanye amazwe nezifunda zenze imithetho eqinile yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki futhi zikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa nokukhuthazwa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezonakele. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ukuze kugaywe kabusha futhi kucutshungulwe izikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolekayo, kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi kuthuthukiswe izinqubomgomo ezifanele futhi kusungulwe uhlelo oluvuthiwe lokugaywa kabusha nokucubungula.
Sengiphetha, nakuba izikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolayo zinamandla amakhulu ekwehliseni ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki, izinkinga zokusimama kwazo zisadinga ukunakwa nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo. Ngokwakha ezinye izindlela eziluhlaza, ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokugaywa kabusha nokulahla, kanye nokuqinisa izinqubomgomo nemithethonqubo, singathatha isinyathelo esibalulekile ekubhekaneni nokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-21-2023
