Ngomhla lu-1 kuMasingana 2020, ukuvinjelwa kokusetshenziswa kwezitsha zepulasitiki ezilahlwayo kwaqaliswa ngokusemthethweni “Ukuguqulwa Kwamandla Ukuze Kuthuthukiswe Umthetho Wokukhula Okuluhlaza” waseFrance, okwenza iFrance yaba izwe lokuqala emhlabeni ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwezitsha zepulasitiki ezilahlwayo.
Imikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlwayo isetshenziswa kakhulu futhi inezilinganiso eziphansi zokugaywa kabusha, okubangela ukungcola okukhulu kokubili kwenhlabathi nezindawo zasolwandle. Njengamanje, "ukuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki" sekube yisivumelwano somhlaba wonke, futhi amazwe amaningi nezifunda zithathe isinyathelo emkhakheni wokuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki nokuvinjelwa. Lesi sihloko sizokuhambisa ngezinqubomgomo nezimpumelelo zamazwe emhlabeni jikelele ekukhawuleleni ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlwa.
I-European Union yakhipha umyalelo wokuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki ngo-2015, okuhloswe ngawo ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki kumuntu ngamunye emazweni e-EU kungabi ngaphezu kwama-90 ngonyaka ekupheleni kuka-2019. Ngo-2025, le nombolo izokwehliswa ibe ngu-40. isiyalelo sakhishwa, wonke amazwe angamalungu aqala indlela “yokuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki”.
Ngo-2018, iPhalamende LaseYurophu laphasisa omunye umthetho wokulawula imfucuza yepulasitiki. Ngokomthetho, kusukela ngo-2021, i-European Union izokwenqabela ngokuphelele amazwe angamalungu ukuthi asebenzise izinhlobo eziyi-10 zemikhiqizo yepulasitiki elahlwa njengamapayipi okuphuza, izitsha zetafula, namaswabhu kakotini, azothathelwa indawo yiphepha, utshani, noma ipulasitiki eqinile engasetshenziswa kabusha. Amabhodlela epulasitiki azoqoqwa ngokwehlukana ngokuya ngemodi ekhona yokugaywa kabusha; Ngo-2025, amazwe angamalungu kudingeka ukuthi afinyelele izinga lokugaywa kabusha elingu-90% lamabhodlela epulasitiki alahlwayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lo mthethosivivinywa udinga futhi ukuthi abakhiqizi bazibophezele kakhulu ngesimo semikhiqizo yabo yepulasitiki kanye nokupakishwa.
UNdunankulu waseBrithani u-Theresa May umemezele ukuthi ngeke enze umzamo wokusebenzisa ukuvinjelwa okuphelele kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki. Ngaphezu kokubeka intela yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki ehlukahlukene kanye nokwandisa ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwezinye izinto zokwakha, uhlela nokuqeda yonke imfucumfucu yepulasitiki egwenywa, okuhlanganisa izikhwama zepulasitiki, amabhodlela eziphuzo, utshani, neningi lezikhwama zokupakisha ukudla, ngo-2042.
I-Afrika ingesinye sezifunda ezinokuvinjelwa okukhulu emhlabeni wonke ukukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki. Ukukhula ngokushesha kukadoti wepulasitiki kulethe izinkinga ezinkulu zemvelo nezomnotho nezenhlalo e-Afrika, okubeka usongo empilweni nasekuphepheni kwabantu.
Kusukela ngoJuni 2019, amazwe angama-34 kwangu-55 ase-Afrika akhiphe imithetho efanele evimbela ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zokupakisha zepulasitiki ezilahlwayo noma ukukhokhisa izintela kuzo.
Ngenxa yalolu bhubhane, la madolobha akuhlehlise ukuvinjelwa kokukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki
INingizimu Afrika yethule “ukuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki” okunzima kakhulu, kepha amanye amadolobha adinga ukumisa noma abambezele ukuqaliswa kokuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki ngenxa yokwanda kwesidingo sezikhwama zepulasitiki ngesikhathi sodlame lwe-COVID-19.
Ngokwesibonelo, umphathi-dolobha waseBoston e-United States ukhiphe umyalo wokuphatha okhulula okwesikhashana zonke izindawo ekuvinjweni ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki kuze kube uSepthemba 30. UBoston uqale wamisa imali engu-5 cent kupulasitiki nesikhwama ngasinye ngoMashi ukusiza izakhamizi namabhizinisi ukubhekana nalolu bhubhane. Yize lo mthetho unwetshiwe kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kukaSepthemba, idolobha lithi selikulungele ukuqalisa ukuvalwa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki kusukela ngo-Okthoba 1.st
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-28-2023
